The Impact Of Air Travel On The World Economy - 1546 Words

Over the past few decades, technological advancements in both communication and transportation has led to an era of interconnectedness known as globalization. The emergence of air travel in the late 20th century led to an affordable and time efficient method of transportation. Due to this, air travel quickly arose as an essential factor in the world economy. Following the emergence of aviation, world economies became tied together and utterly dependent on each other. However, the very thing that fuels our globalization is also the very thing that fuels our destruction. Commercial aviation is one of the fastest growing sources of greenhouse gas emissions and yet a critical component of the global economic infrastructure. In the last 10 years the rate at which air travel has been increasing has grown at an astonishing rate. Today, the airline industry is responsible for a total of 4.9% of all human-caused climate impacts worldwide, including the emission of greenhouse gases such as CO2 , O3, CH4, NOx, H2O vapor, contrails, SO4 and soot. The pace at which we see these adverse effects is very startling yet, business and life is so dependent on air travel. Air travel is essential for large scale institutions and businesses that are relevant on a global scale. The University of Maryland is a perfect example of an institution where air travel is a big portion of its annual carbon emission. Improving plane infrastructure, implementing fuel alternatives, and changing cultural habitsShow MoreRelatedThe Airplane Has Changed The Course Of The Western World Forever888 Words   |  4 Pageshave the time to fall.† The ingenuity of the Wright brothers’ airplane design has changed the course of the Western world forever. The invention of the aircraft positively affected American society by providing a quicker way of traveling, having an influence on warfare, and implementing a better economy in the United States. When the aeroplane was assembled, the possibility for travel and exploration became boundless. Before airplanes, the eighteenth and nineteenth century produced the steamboat,Read MoreLong-Term Effects of Global Tourism on Economy1742 Words   |  7 PagesLong-term effects of global tourism on economy Tourism is the travel tour activities which provides travelers leisure facilities and service industry. And it is also a kind of leisure entertainment that has complex social phenomenon, involves the politics, economy, culture, history, geography, law, and other social fields. Generally speaking, tourism has a profound impact for the country. Tourism gradually has become a prevalent activity all over the world. Compared to 2009, there were 1002 millionRead MoreThe Role of Transportation in the Development of Tourism1321 Words   |  6 Pageswill help to improve and expand the tourism industry. I will also mention how different types of transportation will help attract more tourists on choosing a certain destination as well as making their travel experience easier, faster, safer and cheaper. In addition, I will explain some major impacts on the economic and the environment, caused by the transportation sector that has a major effect on the tourism industry. Firstly, transportation is an essential part of the tourism industry and itRead MoreAsia Pacific Region : The Fastest Growing Economic Force Essay1309 Words   |  6 PagesAsia Pacific region is the fastest growing economic force in the world, since 1960 the growth rate of economy and population is more than the global average with and estimated population of 3.6 billion. Asia contributes to world’s one half of the population and economy contributes to one third of world’s GDP and more than one quarter of world trade. As a region Asia Pacific generated third largest regional volume in 2002 and expected to continue rapid increase for the next 20years. Due to strongRead MorePost-Communist Transition Economies Touched by the Euro Zone Crisis1360 Words   |  6 PagesThe focus of this paper is on post communist transition economies touched by the Euro Zone crisis. The negative influence it has made to economic dynamics was felt by everyone living in Central and Eastern Europe. Despite the actual collapse of some economies in Central and Eastern Europe, lower standards of living in parts of the region, protests and social anxiety, little attention was paid to the crisis and the recession in the post-communist countries that joined the European Union in 2004 andRead MoreThe End Of Conventional Oil Essay1487 Words   |  6 PagesEnd of Conventional Oil Don’t worry about replacing that luggage just yet! Air transportation will end in the near future if not enough advancements are made to eliminate the industry’s heavy reliance on oil consumption. It is estimated that conventional oil will only be accessible to us for the next 33 years (Dr. Oriet). As the supply diminishes, the price will continuously increase until it is unaffordable for most people and businesses. Although oil has been burned to generate energy since theRead MoreA New International Air Transport Policy Essay1735 Words   |  7 Pagesto the few features that will be mentioned in this report. The PESTLE analysis is used to analyze the current state of this industry. Political The Crown owns 100 per cent of the â€Å"Airways Corporation of New Zealand LTD† share. This company controls air movements in New Zealand (Airways, n.d.).The government declared in April 2013 that $158 million will be spent on tourism promotion for next four years, this will motivate the airlines to boost their performance (Grant, 2013). New Zealand governmentRead MoreIndia s Development Of Tourism1319 Words   |  6 PagesUS$100 billion in 2008 and that is expected to increase to US$275.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate and maintains the â€Å"Incredible India† campaign . According to World Travel and Tourism Council ,India will be a tourism hotspot from 2009-2018, as per the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report 2009by the World Economic Forum ,India is ranked 11th in the Asia Pacific region and 62nd overall. It is ranked the 14th best tourist destination. Tourist Attractions in India: India is a countryRead MoreFor the Sake of Our Planet, Tourism Should Be Discouraged. How Far Do You Agree or Disagree?788 Words   |  4 PagesThe world is huge and mysterious, full of wonders and surprises, and humans are ever inquisitive by nature. The need for human to consistently travel and quench their curiousity through new discoveries had been evident since early civilization. Like those myths and legends of Gullivers Travels to appease the curiousity of people in the pastof the vast , unknwon Eart, to the real history and conquers of Marco Popl, humans have never find it enough to stop unreveling the wonders of nature and EarthRead MoreAviation Provides The Sole Worldwide Transportation Network That Makes It Essential For International Business And Tourism1227 Words   |  5 Pagestourists currently travel by air. The air transportation industry generates a total of twenty nine million jobs globally (through direct, indirect, induced and cata lytic impacts). Aviation’s international economic impact (direct, indirect, induced and catalytic) is calculable at US$ 2,960 billion, comparable to 8 may 1945 of world Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Aviation boasts high occupancy rates of sixty five to seventieth – that is more than double those of road and rail transportation. Air transportation

Perceptions Of Attitudes Towards Statistics - 1741 Words

2 Background In this section, we discuss the current literature available pertaining to attitudes towards statistics along with the theoretical perspective on certain aspects of attitudes, statistical reasoning, and the statistics education reform movement in order to determine what role attitudes toward statistics may have on secondary level mathematics teachers who teach statistics. Firstly, we provide a literature review on teacher’s attitudes toward statistics followed by a discussion on the two aspects of attitudes towards statistics. Afterward, the reform movement in statistics education is discussed alongside with the recommendations given by GAISE for the reform movement. With developing statistical reasoning being a major goal of statistics learning we discuss it before we finally discuss the construction of the framework of attitude for our instrument. 2.1 Literature about Attitudes toward statistics In the current literature available, we found that Martins, Estrada, and Nascimento analyzed subjective data which revealed negative attitudes towards statistics in various aspects of elementary Portuguese teachers (2012). The two aspects are the pedagogical and the anthropological aspect which each aspect has three components. These aspects helped reveal the negative attitude towards the usefulness of statistics to understand the world as well as the use of statistics outside and inside the classroom. The fact that attitudes can be positive or negativeShow MoreRelatedMinority Attitudes Towards the Police and Public Perceptions Essay1179 Words   |  5 PagesQuantitative Literature Review: Minority attitudes towards the police and public perceptions Introduction-Background-Problem Individuals who seem to be more unhappy with police are African Americans. But there is little to no factors that truly engage citizens view of the police Brown and Benedict (2002). The specific parts on attitudes are reliable, but the literature seems to lead to mixed signals based on other variables Weitzer and Tuch (2002). Perceptions of the police includes factors like personalRead MorePublic Perceptions Of Climate Change And Energy Futures1477 Words   |  6 PagesThe Public Perceptions of Climate Change and Energy Futures in Britain survey (herein Perceptions 2010), was a national quantitative sample survey undertaken by Ipsos MORI on behalf of Cardiff University throughout England, Scotland and Wales. It had a survey sample of 1,822 and was conducted through face to face interviews at interviewees’ homes between January and March 2010. The survey consisted of fifty-two questions which examined a range of energy related topics including energy generationRead MoreRease arch Article Analysis1251 Words   |  6 Pages Research Article Analysis The purpose of this essay is to analyze a research peer-reviewed article in criminal justice. In this case, I chose to analyze the research conducted by Hurst, McDermott, and Thomas (2005) titled, â€Å"The attitudes of girls toward the police: differences by race.† Some of the things I will look to analyze are: to identifying the purpose of the article, the problem, the design of the study, the operational design of the study, look to identify if any inductive andRead MoreArticle Review: Consumer Behavior in Shopping Center Choice1133 Words   |  5 Pagesthose of other multivariate statistics techniques including multiple regression, path analysis and factor analysis. Other statistics techniques could not take into consideration the interaction effects among dependent and independent variables. Therefore, a method that can examine a series of dependence relationships simultaneously is helpful in addressing complicated managerial and behavioral issues. SEM also can expand the Veysel Yilmaz, Associate Professor, Statistics Department, Science and LiteratureRead MoreTable 3 : Item Total Statistics1275 Words   |  6 Pages Table 3: Item-Total Statistics Scale Mean if Item Deleted Scale Variance if Item Deleted Corrected Item-Total Correlation Squared Multiple Correlation Cronbach s Alpha if Item Deleted CC1 57.2069 11.073 .407 .396 .165 CC2 57.0345 11.080 .341 .279 .180 CC3 56.8966 11.791 .308 .207 .211 CC4 56.9540 13.370 .039 .252 .298 CC5 56.7816 12.545 .167 .325 .260 CC6 56.9770 12.418 .208 .311 .248 CC7 56.7471 13.935 -.104 .304 .349 CC8 57.6207 14.796 -.244 .336 .378 CC9 57.8046 13.764 -.071 .157 .337Read MoreAnalysis of the Increase in Charitable Giving Despite Tough Economy682 Words   |  3 PagesDespite 2008 seeing the largest annual drop ((5.6% decrease from 2007 in inflation-adjusted dollars)) since these statistics have been tracked, over $300 billion was donated to charitable organizations—three-quarters of which came from individual donors. (FOUDNATION CENTER CITATION) It is no wonder then that such a large amount of academic study has been invested in the subject. A myriad of studies have sought to investigate the motivations behind the phenomenon of charitable giving. Everything fromRead MoreThe Theory Of Relative Deprivation1745 Words   |  7 Pagesby: (1) external forces, such as the media; and (2) by internal sentiments. Both of these factors are missing from Gurr’s theory. Theoretically, relative deprivation can find itself affecting people economically as well as socially. Judging from statistics, it is very hard to assume that Tea Party supporters found themselves â€Å"relatively deprived† in any way. To see whether Tea Partiers were deprived socially, I looked into the demographics of the movement. Figure 1 shows that according to the CBS/NewRead MoreThe Australian Criminal Justice System Is Shaped Largely by Our Society. Discuss This Statement.1269 Words   |  6 Pagesexplaining how the criminal justice system works in Australia, how the justice system reflects community values and how it relates to today’s society, the budget and staffing levels of agencies of the criminal justice system, how the media influences perceptions of crime therefore affecting the actions of the criminal justice system and finally the public’s opinion of the criminal justice system in Australia. Society is defined as ‘the aggregate of people living together in a more or less ordered community’Read MoreAttitude Differences Of Seeking For Professional Psychological Help Between Chinese And American College Students Essay931 Words   |  4 Pages Attitude Differences of Seeking for Professional Psychological Help Between Chinese and American College Students Tianjiao Ma Pennsylvania State University In China, there has been a stereotype towards attitudes of seeking psychological help between Americans and Chinese. Chinese people consider themselves tend to avoid psychological help. Whereas, they think Americans are highly open to seek mental health support. However, America’s mental health care may be not as perfect as ChineseRead MoreHsc Essay Mod C Julius Caesar1419 Words   |  6 PagesComposers of texts present a biased attitude to the events, personalities or situations represented. In various texts such as Shakespeare’s â€Å"Julius Caesar† and Leunig’s cartoon â€Å"Yet another picture with the wrong caption†, the composers bias is evident even though conflicting perspectives towards the personality are presented. Although conflicting perspectives are present in Shakespeare’s â€Å"Julius Caesar†, the composers bias is still evident. Shakespeare’s â€Å"Julius Caesar† is a play which reflected

Performance Assessment and Analysis of DNS †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Performance Assessment and Analysis of DNS. Answer: Introduction The report is presented to discuss the various important aspects of telecommunications and networks considering the case study of the business organization Cookie Company in Australia. The company has managed online business activities properly, though it is seen that due to slow network connection and inappropriate and disturbed voice calls resulting from the network related issues, there have been misunderstanding between the staffs and customers. To enhance the experiences of customers and ensure that they are satisfied, it is important to manage consultation with the technical experts and business partners to improve the existing IT infrastructure and fulfill the needs and requirements of the business. The networking is a major component that can not only enhance the customers' services efficiency but will also ensure that the company manages proper business growth and expansion by enabling proper network connectivity and maintaining communication between the various departments and staffs at Cookie Co (Aiello, Merlo and Papaleo 2012). Network convergence allows for utilization of telephone, video and data communication and combines those to create a good network connection. Multiple modes of communication can be utilized to offer better network flexibility and improve the network infrastructure with ease and effectiveness. The network convergence, also known as the media convergence can include sending text messages, explore various websites, manage transmission of voice and multimedia over the internet protocol networks. This would also enable video conferencing and manage conversations between the business and customers face to face through the use of web camera (Bezruk et al. 2012). E-commerce would help in buying and selling of products and services online by using the internet and ensure that the quality of network services is improved largely. Unified communications help in integrating the communication in the business including messaging, voice over internet protocol, manage audio and video conferencing, enable desktop sharing along with speech recognition and call control with the non real time communication services. The unified communication could make Cooke Co. improve the network interface and even the user experience across multiple devices and media types. It uses various forms of mobile utility applications and enhances the efficiency of platforms for ensuring proper communication between the business and its customers with ease and effectiveness (Ims 2012). A local area network or LAN enables connecting a group of computer systems by sharing a common wireless link such as a router to the server. This can help in managing commercial business online as well as share resources like a printer or network storage with ease. A LAN setup includes multiple users who remain interconnected with each other via switches and routers to connect users to the internal servers. The use of Ethernet and Wi-Fi is essential for Cookie Co. to manage the LAN connection. One such kind of LAN is the WAN, which can be installed at the head office to connect all the departments and reduce the level of broadcast that may span the entire network through the implementation of multiple routers. The network routers have better functionality than the switches and can manage the network traffic as well as preserve the bandwidth for various applications (Kermajani and Gomez 2014). Metropolitan area network could also be used to provide a wider range of network connectivit y and use higher speed technologies at a lesser price when compared to the other WAN technologies. The LAN is used for enabling network connection by using internet within a lower range and so it is used at the branches of Cookie Co. The use of Ethernet will help in connecting multiple computer systems and make sure that network connection is established properly to manage the business activities online. A cabling plan will consist of various subsystems and connect the computers systems by using servers, routers, switches, security systems and by using telecom equipment and phone systems as well (Kuhlenkamp, Klems and Rss 2014). The backbone cabling can be used at the head office while the horizontal cabling will be used at the branches. LAN is used by using coaxial cables and even shielded twisted pair is used in the token ring of Cooke Co. for implementing LAN using Cat3 cable. A wide area network is a telecommunications network that covers a large geographical area to establish a network by using various telecommunication circuits. The Internet is considered as WAN and can help in establishing various modes of communication and network facilities over a long distance. The Asynchronous transfer mode or ATM can make Cookie Co. manage good data traffic and has been based on the use of internet protocol at the head office (Mahalingam et al. 2014). The cable modem is another LAN type that can act as a network bridge to manage communication of data, information, and messages by using the radio frequency channels present on the radio frequency and hybrid fiber-coaxial infrastructures. It delivers improved broadband internet access and can help the company to overcome the low-speed network connection and even gain benefits of the HFC and RFoG networks. This is suitable and can be used at the branches (Ostapenko et al. 2013). For enabling transmission media, it is important to develop a network by connecting various people, devices and computer systems. The media types include a copper cable that includes unshielded twisted pair and coaxial cable, wireless media including radio frequencies, infrared, microwave and fiber optics. The fiber optics deliver great bandwidth and can prevent security issues as well as deliver an improved level of security. DNS enables proper communication through the use of internet and uses the computer systems rather than using the IP addresses. The IPAM integrates both DNS and DHCP to bring necessary changes in the IP address and improve the functionalities of a network including better aggregation of data and troubleshooting activities (Ross 2012). The DNS management could help in reducing the human errors and prevent repetitive and complex data by deploying those on multiple physical servers. This would enhance the efficiency of the network connection established and allow Cookie Co. to improve its network stability. VoIP One of the most effective networked services is the voice over internet protocol or VoIP, which can allow the organization to interact with customers and other businesses by making calls with the use of broadband internet rather than using any telephonic system. It can save the cost of using a mobile phone, manages better portability and internet accessibility along with better flexibility. In case any phone calls come, then the signals can be converted into digital data and can be routed over the internet (Sans and Soriano 2012). Extranet It is a kind of intranet, which is a controlled private network to allow the business gain accessibility to its business partners and customers, suppliers and other stakeholders with ease. It can allow the business organization to transfer or exchange information over the internet with ease and effectiveness. Intranet An intranet is a private and closed network that consists of various LANs interconnected with each other along with use of leased lines in the WAN. It can create connections through the use of multiple gateway computer systems to the internet (Sinnreich and Johnston 2012). Email Email or electronic mail allows for transfer or exchange of data, information and messages from one person to another by use of internet. It is fast, reliable and can even make the company send its brand-related messages to its customers by emails. This could not only allow the head and brand offices to remain connected and know about the business operations but would also create good relationships with the customers (Wang et al. 2013). Data processing facilities The storage area network or SAN enables consolidated, block level data storage facilities by utilising disk arrays, tape libraries and even by managing accessibility to the servers to make the device for storage act as a locally attached system. The cost and complexity, both have reduced largely due to utilization in higher numbers across the small and medium sized organizations. Cloud storage helps in storing the digital data in pools and the physical storage is managed by multiple servers that are set up by the organization. The cloud storage facilitates the accessibility and availability of data and information, thereby keeping the physical environment protected and functional as well (Wang et al. 2015). Cloud storage offers better flexibility and ease of storing, accessing and managing data and information with ease and effectiveness. The distributed database can be beneficial for the company too for storing various portions of the database in multiple physical locations while the processing of data is distributed among multiple nodes of the database. P2P The data stored in databases are integrated and used for various purposes afterwards. The peer to peer data processing could deliver better flexibility, scalability and manage the corporate network applications and provide best data sharing and exchange services with ease. This is useful because the customer related data and information are processed and can be used to assess the needs and requirements if the customers and deliver services accordingly (Bezruk et al. 2012). Other information and data are processed to ensure that the company maintains a good brand image and attract as many customers as it can, furthermore improving the sales revenue and gaining competitive advantage in business for Cookie Co (Ims 2012). Conclusion The main focus was done on the business executives who have limited ICT knowledge, so that they could know how the networking solutions would be beneficial for the business and improve the customers services, therefore ensuring satisfaction of customers and improving the network infrastructure as well. Various telecommunications and networking technologies had been used for gaining business benefits and furthermore improve the infrastructure of the organization effectively. The LAN was used in branch office whereas WAN was used at the head office. The IP and DNS management was done to prevent human errors and this helped the company to manage the networked services by using VoIP, intranet, extranet and email. The storage of company and customer data was managed through the use of Cloud storage and SAN while the processing of data with the use of P2P had helped in gaining accessibility to relevant data, use those to improve the business operations efficiency and improve the level of s atisfaction of customers. Recommendations Use of firewall is recommended for proving better network security and even protects the database against any threats. The database should be checked properly to prevent any data redundancy It is recommended to make sure that the Ethernet cables, coaxial cables, and fiber optics are arranged properly to keep the flow of network secured and function properly. The external hard drive connected to the router must be protected by a password so that any unauthorized access is prevented. References Aiello, M., Merlo, A. and Papaleo, G., 2012. Performance assessment and analysis of DNS tunneling tools.Logic Journal of IGPL,21(4), pp.592-602. Bezruk, V., Bukhanko, A., Chebotaryova, D. and Varich, V., 2012. Multicriteria optimization in telecommunication networks planning, designing and controlling. InTelecommunications Networks-Current Status and Future Trends. InTech. Ims, L.A., 2012.Broadband access networks: introduction strategies and techno-economic evaluation. Springer Science Business Media. Kermajani, H. and Gomez, C., 2014. On the network convergence process in RPL over IEEE 802.15. 4 multihop networks: Improvement and trade-offs.Sensors,14(7), pp.11993-12022. Kuhlenkamp, J., Klems, M. and Rss, O., 2014. Benchmarking scalability and elasticity of distributed database systems.Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment,7(12), pp.1219-1230. Mahalingam, M., Dutt, D., Duda, K., Agarwal, P., Kreeger, L., Sridhar, T., Bursell, M. and Wright, C., 2014.Virtual extensible local area network (VXLAN): A framework for overlaying virtualized layer 2 networks over layer 3 networks(No. RFC 7348). Ostapenko, E.G., Kulikov, S.S., Tolstykh, N.N., Pasternak, Y.G. and Popova, L.G., 2013. Denial of service in components of information telecommunication systems through the example of network storm attacks. Ross, K.W., 2012.Multiservice loss models for broadband telecommunication networks. Springer Science Business Media. Sans, B. and Soriano, P. eds., 2012.Telecommunications network planning. Springer Science Business Media. Sinnreich, H. and Johnston, A.B., 2012.Internet communications using SIP: Delivering VoIP and multimedia services with Session Initiation Protocol(Vol. 27). John Wiley Sons. Wang, C., Chow, S.S., Wang, Q., Ren, K. and Lou, W., 2013. Privacy-preserving public auditing for secure cloud storage.IEEE transactions on computers,62(2), pp.362-375. Wang, Y., Chi, N., Wang, Y., Tao, L. and Shi, J., 2015. Network architecture of a high-speed visible light communication local area network.IEEE Photonics Technology Letters,27(2), pp.197-200.

Mexican Politics, Culture and Drug Wars

Table of Contents Introduction Politics Culture Drug wars Conclusion References Introduction Mexico is a democratic country, whose democracy arose from the elections conducted in 2000, which brought about sharing of power in the government and a more transparent nation. Proliferation and forwarding of agendas by strong grassroots organizations to the forefront of political interests has rubbed the authorities the wrong way.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Mexican Politics, Culture and Drug Wars specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The democracy change increased the labor unions in the country. However, majority of these labor unions are co-opted by the government although the independent ones have become vigorous in protests. Despite the welcoming news of a democratic state and transparent elections, more still needs to be done to straighten up the moral, political and social decay that have engulf the c ountry. Corruption in institutions, weak judicial system, drug wars and the disparity between the rich and the poor are just but a few of the complex problems that are facing Mexico, and whose solutions are yet to be found. Moreover, social movements have arisen from strident voices that test the government’s commitment to change (Foster, 2010, p 241,242) Foster suggested that political assassinations, uprisings, and high levels of corruptions are some of the factors that siphoned the country’s energy despite the country pushing for democracy (Foster, 2010, p 223). Politics The 10-year civil war of Mexico that lasted from 1910 to 1920 is believed to be the key that opened up the doors to the new constitution of 1917. It is approximated that more than 2 million people died because of the war. New political structures were created and the birth of mestizo nation was delivered. The revolution that started at that time destroyed feudalism as labor unions were created, and in addition to this, the revolution gave the people a sense of belonging and pride for their own culture which was referred to as mexicandad (Foster, 2010, p 161) In the 1980s, the Mexican economy was contracting by 6% annually due to international debts. Upon negotiations, the Mexican government committed 53% o its federal budget to the repayment of the debt. This meant no economic growth was to be expected in Mexico in the following decades. The fallouts both politically and socially were enormous; indeed, this period is stated to be the most demoralizing period in Mexican history as majority of Mexicans suffered due to increase to food prices (Foster, 2010, p 215)Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The PRI party had been the ruling party and in 1988, it faced its first challenge politically from Carlos Salinas de Gortari. The country during that time was facing recession and the IMF due to repayments of debts undertook its fortunes. Support for the PRI party decreased from populist groups as clamor for democracy went a notch higher and criticisms mounted by the public on PRI took toll when one key member o//74f the party abandons the party. PRI party later won the presidency amid calls of rigging (Foster, 2010, p 223-224). The first president who was not a member of PRI was elected in July 2, 2000 in an election that was termed as a transparent and democratic. The PRI members cried foul as they fought amongst themselves. The results were declared as Mexico’s victory as they ushered in democracy in Mexico. Although the PRI party had been defeated, it was thanks to the combined efforts of the opposition parties (Foster, 2010, p 242) The politics of Mexico however have been clouded by corruption brought about by the drug cartels. Raul Salinas, the brother to the former president of Mexico is said to have been arrested because of his participation i n the covering up of Ruiz Massieu’s murder. His access to his brother made many to believe that the president was involved in one way or the other. This just indicated how far the levels of corruption could spread within the Mexican politics (Kirkwood, 2010, p 202) Culture The aesthetic realm and the culture in politics are the two cultural complexes that attract foreigners to Mexico. The philosophers and the intellectuals of the nineteenth century were obsessed with the fascinating combination of barbarism and civilization (Henderson, Joseph, 2002, p1). According to Joseph and Henderson, the murals painted on walls of public ministries and the evocative woodcuts of Posada, were all a powerful appeal to tourists (Henderson, Joseph, 2002, p2). Mexico being an extraordinary and unique country has the potential of shedding light on major problems facing it as a developing country once its culture, history, and politics have been examined (Henderson, Joseph, 2002, p4). The Spania rd are said to have introduced new races in Mexico in the course of their colonization. An example of these races was the usage of the Blacks and the Indians to create a race. This mixture of races contradicted the ultimate goals of history of attaining cultures and fusion of people. Joseph and Henderson continue to state that by constructing an English world and doing away with the Indians to have a Northern Europe filled with Whites is one way of combating race (Henderson, Joseph, 2002, p17). Religious cultures and cults are also part of the Mexican way of living. It stated that any Mexican Catholic is focused on the cult of the virgin of Guadalupe. The symbolic meaning this conquest of the two gods meant indicated to the faithful that they should return to their ancient feminine deities (Henderson, Joseph, 2002, p24, 25).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Mexican Politics, Culture and Drug Wars specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Westernization of the Indians was termed as contradictory. This is because a clear line had to be drawn between the colonized and the colonizers. The colonial domination would have ceased to be if the Indians were to be fully incorporated into westernization; indeed, difference and segregation are termed as the basics of colonization. In the nineteenth century, the birth of an independent Mexico state was directed along the path of civilization. Moreover, the independent nation was culturally homogenous when it was conceived (Henderson, Joseph, 2002, p30). At the end of the Revolution, the new political leaders sought ways of unifying the various ethnic groups of Mexico into a national project. In Mexico, ethnicity is basically defined by the culture and not biological; by use of linguistic it has been found that there is approximately 60 different Indian ethnic groups in Mexico thus making their incorporation difficult (Buffington, Pasztor, Coerver, 2004, p17). Drug wars Drug trafficking has been a hot topic in Mexico both domestically and internationally. Although the drug trafficking was a problem in the twentieth century, it escalated even more in the twenty-first century. It is stated that as early as the 1920s, some Mexican workers located southwest in U.S. were associated with the use of marijuana. In addition to this, Mexico produced heroin and was shipment point for other drugs. U.S. drug agents were said to be operating in Mexico informally from as early as 1940s, while growing demand of drugs in the U.S. escalated the drug trafficking in1960s thus causing a concern to Mexico both internationally and domestically. In the long run, the drug trafficking complicated issues like trade and immigration. The â€Å"operation intercept† that was a detail inspection conducted by the U.S. officials on vehicles crossing the international boundary resulted into chaos thus forcing the Mexican government to resolve to a permanent wa r on drugs. Despite efforts put in place by both the U.S and Mexican governments, the drug trade thrived in the 1980s (Buffington, Pasztor, Coerver, 2004, p145). Increase in consumption of drugs in Mexico and drug related corruption in the law enforcement and political scenes led the country in the verge of being branded a â€Å"narco state.† The drug trade took a completely new level with the death of cardinal Ocampo in1993, who had condemned the drug trade and the assassination of Colosio, the presidency candidate of the official party, in1994.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Involvement of key political persons in drug trafficking was evident in the investigation of Raul Salinas: the older brother of the former president of Mexico Carlos Salina. The investigation upon conclusion in 1998 indicated that part of the money owed by Raul was associated with drug pay-offs (Buffington, Pasztor, Coerver, 2004, p146, 147) Military involvement in curbing the drug trafficking has not yield much success as incidents of bribe taking are evident. Optimistic officials both in the U.S. and in Mexico concur that the war on drugs is far from being won. This is due to the shifting of bases and routes by the drug cartels resulting from pressure from the authorities. One thing that is clear is that drug trafficking will continue to be a menace even in the twenty-first century (Buffington, Pasztor, Coerver, 2004, p 147) Kirkwood indicates that violence in the state of Durango has escalated and murder has increased, with 235 murders reported between January and May the year 20 09. The fighting between the various drug cartels caused these murders and violence. However, the alarming issue is that the federals that are entitled with the responsibility of curbing this menace are having a life span of six months before they are corrupted by the drug cartels. The level of corruption is evident from the arrests conducted in May 2009 of 27 government officials, a police chief, 10 mayors, a judge, and a former police chief. Power, influence, and resources are some of the factors that drug cartels have over authorities, which is evident from the escapes that have been propagated by the drug cartels. The astonishing issue is that the drug trade has penetrated the Catholic Church with allegations of donations offered to the church by the drug lords. Indeed, legalizing of some drugs e.g. marijuana is been considered in order to curb drug trafficking (Kirkwood, 2010, p 217, 218) During the presidency of Fox, efforts of addressing the escalating drug production were st epped up and the number of arrests associated with drugs escalated. It is approximated that about 50,000 arrests were conducted as the authorities also destroyed marijuana fields in a bid to curb the drug trade. However, the government also faced embarrassing moments with the news of the drug cartels leaders escaping from jail. In response to the government’s measures of curbing the drug, trade the drug cartels mounted escalating violence throughout the country. In the year 2008, 6,300 people were said to have been murdered by drug related violence. In Ciudad, the situation has been termed as bloody as a record of 1,600 people was murdered in this city alone in the year 2008. In the year 2009, the violence had escalated as 2,300 Mexicans had been murdered as of May (Kirkwood, 2010, p 216) On assuming office in 2006, president Calderon aggressively responded towards the drug struggle, with about 45,000 troops being employed to deal with this menace. In the bloody Ciudad, 8,000 troops were deployed to tackle the city’s drug trade. The policies of the Calderon government in fighting the drug trade earned him assistance from the then Bush government that offered $1.4 billion to aid in efforts of combating drug trade (Kirkwood, 2010, p 216) Conclusion At the commencement of the second decade of the 21 century, the Mexican government faces numerous issues from all fronts. The main attention has been on combating the drug trafficking issue. Critics suggest that government attempts have failed in eradicating the drug war. In political scene, Mexico is striving to create a transparent democratic process since the obstacles surrounding the 1988 elections. Forward strides for a democratic process were marked in the 2000 presidential elections as it was marked as a political transition. The 2006 elections appeals by Lopez Obrador were indications of the long journey a head before Mexico can become fully democratic. The 2000 presidential elections saw a candi date not from the PRI party win, mainly because of collective support from the opposition to oust the PRI from power. The elections were termed as transparent and democratic thus bringing a new dimension to the Mexican politics. The indigenous cultural values of the communities in Mexico have been transformed by westernization culture to modern values. However, some of the cultural values like art have been maintained despite the change to modern cultural values. In addition to this, religious cultures e.g. the cult of the virgin of Guadalupe are still significant to the modern Mexico. It is suggested that some of the tourist attractions to Mexico are the murals painted on the walls of public ministries. Politics and social decays like drug trafficking are two different entities that should be separated for the common good of Mexico. In addition to this, the penetration of the drug money to the Catholic Church is a situation that is not helping but instead justifying the existence o f drug trafficking. However, tackling the drug menace will mean better future in the politics and economy of Mexico that has been engulfed by the drug trafficking situation. The culture of moral decay that had been brought about by the drug menace will also cease to exist, thus liberating Mexico. References Coerver, M. D., Pasztor, B.S, and Buffington, R. (2004). Mexico: An Encyclopedia of Contemporary Culture and History. Web. Foster, V. L. (2010). A Brief History of Mexico. Web. Joseph. M. G, and Henderson, J. T. (2002). The Mexico reader: History, Culture, Politics. Web. Kirkwood, B. (2010). The History of Mexico. Web. This research paper on Mexican Politics, Culture and Drug Wars was written and submitted by user Nextwave to help you with your own studies. 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